WNY COALITION FOR PROGRESS FOREIGN POLICY WORKING GROUP UPDATE AS OF JANUARY 14, 2008
IN MEMORY OF JOHN GRANVILLE
In world laden with words without action, John Granville stood out as a committed global citizen working to make life better in areas that needed his help the most. While we in Western New York would like to see our best and brightest work and live in our home towns, Buffalo had a citizen abroad to be truly proud of. While this report focuses on the conflict in Darfur and Mr. Granville’s work with USAID focused on North-South peace, it is increasingly apparent the fate of peace in one area is dependent on the other and Mr. Granville was committed to contributing to that peace. For his contributions to humanity and the tragedy of his death, the WNY Coalition for Progress would like to dedicate this update in his memory.
STILL UNSETTLED, DANGEROUS AND NEEDFUL OF A COMPLETE RESPONSE
The United Nations/African Union hybrid force or UNAMID has entered it’s mission shaky and vulnerable. Seen as the only hope to bring in a consensual international intervention to the chaos and death of the Darfur conflict, the force was authorized by the UN Security Council Resolution 1769 in June 2007 to deploy 20,000 troops and 6,000 police to the Western region of Sudan to replace the over-stretched AU force that has been the only foreign security presence in Darfur thus far in the conflict. However, on the first day of their mission, the Hybrid Force was only able to deploy some 9,000 troops (1), most of which were from the previous AU force. The force was also short of equipment, especially ground transportation and helicopters. The problem was brought up during a recent visit to Khartoum by both the AU and UN Special Envoys. (2) 1,200 more troops from Kenya are expected by the end of the month, and the troops promised by Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, The Netherlands, Nepal. Pakistan, and Thailand have not yet arrived. (3) Sweden and Norway recently announced they would be withdrawing their planned 400 troops for an engineering mission as a part of UNAMID due to resistance from the Sudanese government. (4)
This hasn’t hampered states from committing to other actions within their powers. The U.S.Congress recently passed (unanimously) and President Bush has signed the Darfur Accountability and Divestment Act, which will allow state and local governments to cut investment ties with companies doing business in Sudan in order to put pressure on the government to cooperate. (5) There have also been bills introduced to the House that call for the U.S. to put more pressure on China, which remains Sudan’s biggest economic partner consuming the vast majority of Sudan’s oil, to do more to pressure the Sudanese government. Other bills call for the U.S. to put more pressure on Arab states to recognize and respond to the conflict.
The European Union has recently settled on the final details of Eufor Chad/CAR, which will provide security, medical and humanitarian support to the millions of refugees from Darfur (6) that have spilled into Sudan’s neighbors, where they have been exposed to further fighting.
The humanitarian situation has seen little improvement as well. A recent USAID report highlighted that 4.2 million people have been affected by the conflict, either by death, internal or external displacement. (7) Banditry and attacks targeting aid workers has made the process of reaching these victims particularly difficult. According to this same report, in 2007 alone, 128 humanitarian vehicles have been hijacked, 74 convoys attacked, 58 humanitarian personnel arrested or detained, 131 personnel kidnapped, 12 staff killed, in addition to other problems with violence. (8) Non-governmental organizations (NGO) have persisted to operate under the Government of National Unity’s moratorium easing requirements for NGO workers and aid to move in and out of the country, which is set to expire at the end of January 2008. However, there have been particular problems in camp coordination (IDP camps within Darfur are losing or have lost camp coordinating NGOs) and in food security (food insecurity rose from 12.9% to 16.1%). On the positive side, USAID has reported that funded NGO interventions have been able to supply clean water over 2007 to 78% of the affected population, as well as successfully combat cholera among victims of the conflict. (9)
The US took in 2,100 Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers in 2007 according to the United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants. (10)
This report was prepared by Elise Garvey, Chairperson of the Coalition’s Foreign Policy Global Economic Affairs Working Group. Elise is presently finishing up her Fulbright Scholarship Studies in the Ukraine studying human trafficking. The full report with footnotes can be viewed HERE.